-    SODIUM SULFATE     -    Na2SO4

Theoretical atomic positions and lattice parameters at experimental volum from ICSD database; code 81504 

Crystal Structure 


Because of the translational symmetry all the calculations are performed in the primitive unit cell and not in the conventional unit cell. The following information regarding the structure is given with respect to this primitive unit cell, which sometimes can take an unintuitive shape.

Symmetry (experimental): 

Space group:  62  Pbnm 
Lattice parameters (Å):  5.3099  9.4693  7.1436 
Angles (°):  90.0  90.0  90.0 

Symmetry (theoretical): 

Space group:  62  Pbnm 
Lattice parameters (Å):  5.4153  9.4618  7.0101 
Angles (°):  90.0  90.0  90.0 

Cell contents: 

Number of atoms:  28 
Number of atom types: 
Chemical composition: 

Atomic positions (theoretical):

Na:  0.0000  0.5000  0.0000 
Na:  0.9321  0.1478  0.2500 
S:  0.0228  0.8235  0.2500 
O:  0.0176  0.6665  0.2500 
O:  0.7654  0.8783  0.2500 
O:  0.1528  0.8739  0.0784 
Na:  0.5000  0.0000  0.0000 
Na:  0.4321  0.3522  0.7500 
S:  0.5228  0.6765  0.7500 
O:  0.5176  0.8335  0.7500 
O:  0.2654  0.6217  0.7500 
O:  0.6528  0.6261  0.9216 
Na:  0.0000  0.5000  0.5000 
Na:  0.0679  0.8522  0.7500 
S:  0.9772  0.1765  0.7500 
O:  0.9824  0.3335  0.7500 
O:  0.2346  0.1217  0.7500 
O:  0.8472  0.1261  0.5784 
Na:  0.5000  0.0000  0.5000 
Na:  0.5679  0.6478  0.2500 
S:  0.4772  0.3235  0.2500 
O:  0.4824  0.1665  0.2500 
O:  0.7346  0.3783  0.2500 
O:  0.3472  0.3739  0.4216 
O:  0.8472  0.1261  0.9216 
O:  0.3472  0.3739  0.0784 
O:  0.1528  0.8739  0.4216 
O:  0.6528  0.6261  0.5784 
Atom type 

We have listed here the reduced coordinates of all the atoms in the primitive unit cell.
It is enough to know only the position of the atoms from the assymetrical unit cell and then use the symmetry to build the whole crystal structure.

Visualization of the crystal structure: 

Size:

Nx:  Ny:  Nz: 
You can define the size of the supercell to be displayed in the jmol panel as integer translations along the three crys­tallo­gra­phic axis.
Please note that the structure is represented using the pri­mi­tive cell, and not the conventional one.
   

Dielectric Properties 


We define:

  • The Born effective charges, also called dynamical charges, are tensors that correspond to the energy derivative with respect to atomic displacements and electric fields or, equivalently, to the change in atomic force due to an electric field: The sum of the Born effective charges of all nuclei in one cell must vanish, element by element, along each of the three directions of the space.
  • The dielectric tensors are the energy derivative with respect to two electric fields. They also relate the induced polarization to the external electric field.

Born effective charges (Z): 

Na: 1.1594 0.0024 -0.0976 
-0.0072 1.1782 0.0800 
0.0645 -0.0513 1.0422 
Eig. Value: 1.1607 1.1806 1.0385 
Na: 1.0634 -0.0836 -0.0000 
-0.0510 1.0914 0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 1.1152 
Eig. Value: 1.0087 1.1461 1.1152 
S: 3.1692 0.1158 -0.0000 
0.0322 3.0903 0.0000 
0.0000 -0.0000 3.2961 
Eig. Value: 3.2136 3.0458 3.2961 
O: -0.9885 -0.0455 0.0000 
-0.0343 -2.1382 -0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 -0.9792 
Eig. Value: -0.9871 -2.1396 -0.9792 
O: -1.9831 0.3537 0.0000 
0.4205 -1.1394 -0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 -0.9713 
Eig. Value: -2.1337 -0.9887 -0.9713 
O: -1.2102 -0.1992 0.4640 
-0.1736 -1.0411 0.2840 
0.4618 0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
Na: 1.1594 -0.0024 0.0976 
0.0072 1.1782 0.0800 
-0.0645 -0.0513 1.0422 
Eig. Value: 1.1607 1.1806 1.0385 
Na: 1.0634 0.0836 0.0000 
0.0510 1.0914 0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 1.1152 
Eig. Value: 1.0087 1.1461 1.1152 
S: 3.1692 -0.1158 0.0000 
-0.0322 3.0903 0.0000 
-0.0000 -0.0000 3.2961 
Eig. Value: 3.2137 3.0458 3.2961 
O: -0.9885 0.0454 -0.0000 
0.0343 -2.1382 0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 -0.9792 
Eig. Value: -0.9871 -2.1396 -0.9792 
O: -1.9831 -0.3537 -0.0000 
-0.4205 -1.1394 -0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 -0.9713 
Eig. Value: -2.1337 -0.9887 -0.9713 
O: -1.2102 0.1992 -0.4640 
0.1736 -1.0411 0.2840 
-0.4618 0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
Na: 1.1594 0.0024 0.0976 
-0.0072 1.1782 -0.0800 
-0.0645 0.0513 1.0422 
Eig. Value: 1.1607 1.1806 1.0385 
Na: 1.0634 -0.0836 0.0000 
-0.0510 1.0914 -0.0000 
-0.0000 -0.0000 1.1152 
Eig. Value: 1.0087 1.1461 1.1152 
S: 3.1692 0.1158 0.0000 
0.0322 3.0903 -0.0000 
-0.0000 0.0000 3.2961 
Eig. Value: 3.2136 3.0458 3.2961 
O: -0.9885 -0.0455 0.0000 
-0.0343 -2.1382 0.0000 
0.0000 -0.0000 -0.9792 
Eig. Value: -0.9871 -2.1396 -0.9792 
O: -1.9831 0.3537 -0.0000 
0.4205 -1.1394 -0.0000 
0.0000 -0.0000 -0.9713 
Eig. Value: -2.1337 -0.9887 -0.9713 
O: -1.2102 -0.1992 -0.4640 
-0.1736 -1.0411 -0.2840 
-0.4618 -0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
Na: 1.1594 -0.0024 -0.0976 
0.0072 1.1782 -0.0800 
0.0645 0.0513 1.0422 
Eig. Value: 1.1607 1.1806 1.0385 
Na: 1.0634 0.0836 -0.0000 
0.0510 1.0914 -0.0000 
0.0000 -0.0000 1.1152 
Eig. Value: 1.0087 1.1461 1.1152 
S: 3.1692 -0.1158 -0.0000 
-0.0322 3.0903 -0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 3.2961 
Eig. Value: 3.2137 3.0458 3.2961 
O: -0.9885 0.0454 -0.0000 
0.0343 -2.1382 0.0000 
-0.0000 -0.0000 -0.9792 
Eig. Value: -0.9871 -2.1396 -0.9792 
O: -1.9831 -0.3537 0.0000 
-0.4205 -1.1394 0.0000 
-0.0000 -0.0000 -0.9713 
Eig. Value: -2.1337 -0.9887 -0.9713 
O: -1.2102 0.1992 0.4640 
0.1736 -1.0411 -0.2840 
0.4618 -0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
O: -1.2102 -0.1992 0.4640 
-0.1736 -1.0411 0.2840 
0.4618 0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
O: -1.2102 0.1992 -0.4640 
0.1736 -1.0411 0.2840 
-0.4618 0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
O: -1.2102 -0.1992 -0.4640 
-0.1736 -1.0411 -0.2840 
-0.4618 -0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
O: -1.2102 0.1992 0.4640 
0.1736 -1.0411 -0.2840 
0.4618 -0.3091 -1.7515 
Eig. Value: -0.9522 -0.9210 -2.1296 
Atom type 

Dielectric tensors: 

 
Ɛ2.2098 0.0000 0.0000 
0.0000 2.2024 0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 2.1964 
Eig. Value: 2.2098 2.2024 2.1964 
Refractive index (N): 1.4865 0.0000 0.0000 
0.0000 1.4841 0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 1.4820 
Eig. Value: 1.4865 1.4841 1.4820 
Ɛ00.0000 0.0000 0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 
Eig. Value: 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000